Understanding the Bail Process in Virginia: What You Need to Know

What is bail and why is it used in the criminal justice system?

In this blog post, we will provide an overview of the bail process in Virginia and what you need to know if you or a loved one are facing criminal charges. When someone is arrested and charged with a crime in Virginia, they may be able to be released from jail while they await their trial. This release is usually granted in exchange for a financial guarantee, known as bail. The purpose of bail is to ensure that the defendant will return to court for their trial. 

Setting the Bail Amount: A Judge’s Determination

When a person is arrested, they will typically be taken to a local jail for booking. If the magistrate does not issue a bond, then the next step is for the person to appear in front of a judge, usually the next business day, for an initial hearing. During this hearing, the judge will set the amount of bail (if any) and determine the conditions of release.

What factors do judges consider when setting bail?

The judge will consider several factors when setting bail, including the nature and circumstances of the alleged crime, whether a firearm was involved, the strength of the prosecution’s evidence, the defendant’s criminal record, the likelihood of witness intimidation by the defendant, and the likelihood that the defendant will flee. The judge may also consider the defendant’s ties to the community, such as family, employment, and residence.

An unfavorable bond determination made by a General District Court or Juvenile & Domestic Relations Court judge can be appealed to the Circuit Court.

What types of bail are available in Virginia?

Bond, if granted, can be secured or unsecured. Secured bonds require money to be paid before bail is granted. Unsecured bonds do not have this requirement. A similar bond is in the “personal recognizance” bond, which involves the accused’s promise to show up on the appointed court date.

In Virginia, there are three ways of covering secured bonds that can be used: cash bail, surety bail, and property bail. Cash bail and surety bail are the most common type of bail; cash bail requires the defendant or a friend or family member to pay the full amount of bail in cash to the court. Surety bail involves the use of a bail bondsman, who will post a bond for the full amount of bail in exchange for a fee, usually 10% of the total bail amount. Property bail allows the defendant to put up real property, such as a house or land, as collateral for the bail amount.

Pretrial Release: Conditions and Consequences

What are the typical conditions of pretrial release?

If the defendant is able to post bail, they will be released from jail with certain conditions. These conditions may include restrictions on travel, a requirement to check in with a pretrial probation officer, drug or alcohol testing,  electronic monitoring, a curfew, etc..

What happens if release conditions are violated?

It is important to note that if the defendant violates any of the conditions of their release, their bail may be revoked by the judge, at which point they will be taken back into custody.

Post-trial Bail: Appeal Bonds and Forfeitures

What is an appeal bond and how does it work?

If the defendant is found guilty, the judge may set an appeal bond, which allows the defendant to be released from custody while they file an appeal. 

The importance of understanding the bail process in Virginia

The bail process in Virginia can be complex, and it is essential to understand the various steps involved. It is also important to have legal representation in order to ensure that your rights are protected and properly advocated throughout the process. If you or a loved one are facing criminal charges, we encourage you to contact David G. Parker Law for a free consultation. We are here to help you navigate the legal system and fight to provide you with the best possible outcome.